The symptoms of bacterial gastroenteritis are common among all age groups, for a variety of reasons. In infants and schoolchildren, because they allow bacteria access to their digestive system, by the introduction of multiple objects in their mouth. In adolescents and adults, by eating improperly prepared or improperly preserved foods.
What is bacterial gastroenteritis?
It is a generally self-limited disease that affects the digestive system of people, causing diarrhea, which is a decrease in the consistency of bowel movements, and an increase in their frequency and volume, vomiting and abdominal discomfort.
What are the symptoms of bacterial gastroenteritis?
· Diarrhea, all bacterial gastroenteritis presents as diarrhea , which can be severe due to the volume and frequency of stools, and with a very strong and unpleasant odor.
· Abdominal discomfort. This can range from increased feelings of fullness to severe pain in the abdomen, or the area around the navel or tummy.
· Abdominal pain, may or may not be present.
· Nausea and vomiting, may or may not be present, are associated with more severe bacterial gastroenteritis, or infection by more pathogenic toxin-secreting bacteria.
· Fever may or may not be present, and its duration and severity is associated with the aggressiveness of the batteries that invade the digestive system.
How is bacterial infectious gastroenteritis spread or spread?
Bacterial gastroenteritis, are contracted by the ingestion of the bacteria, in short, in the food that is consumed, there are small remains of human or animal fecal material, which serves as a means of transporting the bacteria, and when we eat it, the bacteria invade the gastrointestinal tract.
Food can be contaminated from the source, or the people who handle or prepare it can contaminate it.
· Contamination by water during cultivation or transport, rainwater can carry human or animal fecal material, and contaminate crops.
· Inadequate handling of animals or meat in the slaughterhouse. During or after the slaughter of poultry, pigs or cows, it is possible that the meat is not properly handled, and it is exposed to contaminants on the surfaces where it is processed or packed.
· Mixing raw meat and vegetables, improper handling during food preparation can contaminate food, which will not be cooked.
· Contamination by the handler. If the person who prepares or serves the food did not wash their hands after using the toilet, they contaminate the food with their fecal material.
· Inadequate hygiene and cleanliness of utensils. Some kitchen utensils such as tables, knives and containers may not have been properly washed, allowing the transmission of bacterial gastroenteritis
· Non-potable water, tap water is not always of the ideal quality in some third world cities.
· Badly cooked food. Raw or semi-cooked foods can transmit infectious gastroenteritis-
· Seafood, mollusks and raw fish, marine animals, are frequent sources of food poisoning and poisoning due to the large amount of contaminants present in them.
· I greet the high-fives, after high-fives we have contracted all the bacteria that the person had on the hand, and if I do not practice good hygiene, the harmful bacteria are transmitted to us.
How to treat bacterial gastroenteritis?
1. Rehydration: The most important thing for any type of infectious gastroenteritis is to keep the person rehydrated. Oral rehydration serums are an excellent alternative. 10 ml x kilo of weight should be taken for each evacuation.
2. Antiemetics: if vomiting occurs, you can consume an antiemetic, and if the discomfort and vomiting persist, you will have to go to the nearest health center. For each vomit, 30 ml per kilo of oral rehydration serum should be consumed, with a soup spoon, or slowly.
3. Acetaminophen or ibuprofen: if you have a mild fever, you can consume acetaminophen or ibuprofen, if it is very high, and there is marked discomfort, you should go to the nearest health center.
4. Do not use antidiarrheals: bacterial gastroenteritis is self-limiting in 90% of cases, using antidiarrheals can allow bacteria to grow and reproduce in greater quantity, which may worsen the condition and present complications. Therefore antidiarrheals are contraindicated until authorized by your doctor.
5. Antibiotics: these should be indicated by the doctor after obtaining the stool exam.
When to seek medical care for infectious gastroenteritis
1. If it occurs in a child under 2 years of age, or who is already weakened.
2. If the vomiting is intense, and does not subside.
3. If you are unable to receive food by mouth, due to vomiting.
4. If the pain is very intense.
5. If you notice red spots of blood in your bowel movements or when wiping
6. If you feel very weak or sleepy.
7. If you have any signs of dehydration, such as dry eyes or tongue.
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